Статус Конвенции о запрещении военного или любого иного враждебного использования средств воздействия на природную среду (Нью-Йорк, 10 декабря 1976 года) [рус., англ.]

[неофициальный перевод]

СТАТУС КОНВЕНЦИИ

(по состоянию на 29 октября 2026 года)

Вступление в силу: 05.10.1978

CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF MILITARY OR ANY OTHER HOSTILE USE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATION TECHNIQUES

Status as at: 29-10-2026

Entry into force: 5 October 1978, in accordance with article IX(3).

Registration: 5 October 1978, No. 17119

Status: Signatories: 48. Parties: 78

Text: Certified true copy

United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1108, p. 151 and depositary notification C.N.263.1978.TREATIES-12 of 27 October 1978 (rectification of the English text).

Note: The Convention was approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its resolution 31/72 <1> of 10 December 1976. In application of paragraph 2 of the said resolution, the Secretary-General decided to open the Convention for signature and ratification by States from 18 to 31 May 1977 at Geneva, Switzerland. Subsequently, the Convention was transmitted to the Headquarters of the Organization of the United Nations at New York, where it was open for signature by States until 4 October 1978.

DECLARATIONS AND RESERVATIONS

(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations and reservations were made upon ratification, accession or succession.)

Argentina <9>

The Argentine Republic interprets the terms «widespread, long-lasting or severe effects» in article I, paragraph 1, of the Convention in accordance with the definitions agreed upon in the understanding on that article. It likewise interprets articles II, III and VIII in accordance with the relevant understandings.

Austria

Reservation:

«Considering the obligations resulting from its status as a permanently neutral state, the Republic of Austria declares a reservation to the effect that its co-operation within the frame work of this Convention cannot exceed the limits determined by the Status of permanent neutrality and membership with the United Nations.»

Germany <5>

Upon signature:

«With the proviso that the correct designation of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Russian language is „Federativnuju Respubliku Germaniju“.»

16 June 1977

«The correct designation of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Russian language following the preposition „sa“ in the Russian text was spelled out in the afore-mentioned proviso as „Federativnuju Respubliku Germaniju“.»

Guatemala

Reservation:

Guatemala accepts the text of article III, on condition that the use of environmental modification techniques for peaceful purposes does not adversely affect its territory or the use of its natural resources.

Kuwait <10>

Reservation:

This Convention binds the State of Kuwait only towards States Parties thereto. Its obligatory character shall ipso facto terminate with respect to any hostile state which does not abide by the prohibition contained therein.

Understanding:

«It is understood that accession to the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other hostile use of Environmental Modification Techniques, done in Geneva, 1977, does not mean in any way recognition of Israel by the State of Kuwait. Furthermore, no treaty relation will arise between the State of Kuwait and Israel.»

Netherlands (Kingdom of the)

Declaration:

«The Kingdom of the Netherlands accepts the obligations laid down in article 1 of the said Convention as extending to states which are not a party to the Convention and which act in conformity with article 1 of the Convention.»

New Zealand

«The Government of New Zealand hereby declares its interpretation that nothing in the Convention detracts from or limits the obligations of States to refrain from military or any other hostile use of environmental modification techniques which are contrary to international law».

Republic of Korea

«It is the understanding of the Government of the Republic of Korea that any technique for deliberately changing the natural state of rivers falls within the meaning of the term „environmental modification techniques“ as defined in article II of the Convention.»

«It is further understood that military or any other hostile use of such techniques, which could cause flooding, inundation, reduction in the water-level, drying up, destruction of hydrotechnical installations or other harmful consequences, comes within the scope of the Convention, provided it meets the criteria set out in article I therefore.»

Switzerland

Because of the obligation incumbent upon it by virtue of its status of perpetual neutrality, Switzerland must make a general reservation specifying that its co-operation in the framework of this Convention cannot go beyond the limits imposed by this status. This reservation refers, in particular, to article V, paragraph 5, of the Convention, and to any similar clause which may replace or supplement this provision in the Convention (or in any other arrangement).

Turkiye

Upon signature:

Interpretative statement:

«In the opinion of the Turkish Government the terms „wide-spread“, „long lasting“ and „severe effects“ contained in the Convention need to be clearly defined. So long as this clarification is not made the Government of Turkey will be compelled to interpret itself the terms in question and consequently it reserves the right to do so as and when required.»

«Furthermore, the Government of Turkey believes that the difference between „military or any other hostile purposes“ and „peaceful purposes“ should be more clearly defined so as to prevent subjective evaluations.»

Territorial Application

«The Government of Israel has noted the political character of the statement made by the Government of Kuwait. In the view of the Government of Israel, this Convention is not the proper place for making such political pronouncements. Moreover, the said declaration cannot in any way affect whatever obligations are binding upon Kuwait, under general international law or under particular conventions. Insofar as concerns the substance of the matter, the Government of Israel will adopt towards the Government of Kuwait an attitude of complete reciprocity.»

11. See note 2 under «United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland» regarding Hong Kong in the «Historical Information» section in the front matter of this volume.